TY - JOUR AB - The attachment of alkoxy side chains to biodiesel and the associated effects on its cold flow properties are reported. High oleic methyl ester biodiesel was epoxidized using peroxy formic acid and subsequently alkoxylated using nine different alcohols employing BF3-ethereate complex as catalyst. A low molar excess for alcohols was used at moderately low reaction temperatures (40-50 degrees C). A high conversion for attachment of alkoxy group ranging 84%-93% was achieved with excellent selectivity. Cloud points, pour points, and kinematic viscosities were measured to evaluate the cold flow properties of modified biodiesel. The lowest cloud point -11 degrees C and pour point -14 degrees C were obtained with n-decoxy biodiesel. Elevated kinematic viscosities were observed for all alkoxylated products. The lowest kinematic viscosity (6.26 mm(2)s(-1)) was observed for methoxy biodiesel. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H-1 NMR), C-13 NMR, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) were used for structural elucidation. The reported alkoxylation route has high conversion rate and is convenient to implement. AD - Univ Teknol PETRONAS, Dept Chem Engn, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia AN - WOS:000324613500004 AU - Mushtaq, M. AU - Tan, I. M. AU - Nadeem, M. AU - Devi, C. AU - Lee, S. Y. C. AU - Sagir, M. DA - Mar 16 DO - 10.1080/15435075.2013.772519 IS - 3 J2 - Int J Green Energy KW - biodiesel LA - English N1 - 220ux PY - 2014 SN - 1543-5075 SP - 267-279 ST - A Convenient Route for the Alkoxylation of Biodiesel and Its Influence on Cold Flow Properties T2 - International Journal of Green Energy TI - A Convenient Route for the Alkoxylation of Biodiesel and Its Influence on Cold Flow Properties UR - ://WOS:000324613500004 VL - 11 ID - 10329 ER -