TY - JOUR AB - Biodiesel is an alternative diesel fuel that is produced from vegetable oils and animal fats. It consists of the monoalkyl esters formed by a catalyzed reaction of the triglycerides in the oil or fat with a simple monohydric alcohol. The reaction conditions generally involve a trade-off between reaction time and temperature as reaction completeness is the most critical fuel quality parameter. Much of the process complexity originates from contaminants in the feedstock, such as water and free fatty acids, or impurities in the final product, such as methanol, free glycerol, and soap. Processes have been developed to produce biodiesel from high free fatty acid feedstocks, such as recycled restaurant grease, animal fats, and soapstock. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved AU - Van Gerpen, J. IS - 10 KW - ACID N1 - J English Article Van Gerpen, J, Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844 USA jonvg@uidaho.edu *ASTM, 2002, D675102 ASTM INT; ALLEN HD, 1945, 2383579, US; ARROWSMITH CJ, 1945, 2383580, US; ASSMAN G, 1996, 5514820, US; BALDWIN JD, 1982, VEG OIL FUELS P INT, V4, P224; BOOCOCK DGB, 1998, J AM OIL CHEM SOC, V75, P1167; BOOCOCK DGB, 2001, 2381394, CA; BRADSHAW GB, 1942, 2271619, US; BRADSHAW GB, 1942, SOAP, V18, P69; BRADSHAW GB, 1944, 2360844, US; BRADSHOW GB, 1942, SOAP SAINT CHEM, V18, P23; CANAKCI M, 1999, T ASAE, V42, P1203; DASARI MA, 2003, J AM OIL CHEM SOC, V80, P189; DIASAKOU M, 1998, FUEL, V77, P1297; DREGER EE, 1945, 2383596, US; FREEDMAN B, 1984, J AM OIL CHEM SOC, V61, P1638; FULS J, 1984, J AGR ENG RES, V30, P29; HAAS MJ, 2002, 6399800, U7S; HAAS MJ, 2003, J AM OIL CHEM SOC, V80, P97; JEROMIN L, 1987, 4698186, US; KAWAHARA Y, 1979, 4164506, US; KEIM GI, 1945, 2383601, US; KNOTHE G, 2001, INFORM, V12, P1103; KREUTZER UR, 1984, J AM OIL CHEM SOC, V61, P343; KUSDIANA D, 2001, FUEL, V80, P693; MITTELBACH M, 1998, 5849939, US; NELSON LA, 1996, J AM OIL CHEM SOC, V73, P1191; PEARL GG, 2002, BIOENERGY 2002 10 BI; PERCY JH, 1945, 2383614, US; PETERSON CL, 1983, T ASAE, V26, P322; RYAN TW, 1984, J AM OIL CHEM SOC, V61, P1610; SAKA S, 1999, P 4 BIOM C AM OAKL C; SAKA S, 2001, FUEL, V80, P225; SHEEHAN J, 1998, NRELSR58024089 USDA; SHIMADA Y, 1999, J AM OIL CHEM SOC, V76, P789; STIDHAM WD, 2000, 6127560, US; TRENT WR, 1945, 2383632, US; TRENT WR, 1945, 2383633, US; VANDERWALT AN, 1982, ASAE PUBLICATION, V4, P230; VANGERPEN JH, 2002, 10 BIENN BIOEN C BOI; WARABI Y, 2004, BIORESOURCE TECHNOL, V91, P283; WATANABE Y, 2000, J AM OIL CHEM SOC, V77, P355; WIMMER T, 1995, 5399731, US; WU WH, 1999, J AM OIL CHEM SOC, V76, P517; ZHANG Y, 2003, BIORESOURCE TECHNOL, V89, P1; ZHANG Y, 2003, BIORESOURCE TECHNOL, V90, P229; ZHOU WY, 2003, J AM OIL CHEM SOC, V80, P367 47 1 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PY - 2005 RP - NOT IN FILE SN - 0378-3820 SP - 1097-1107 ST - Biodiesel processing and production T2 - Fuel Processing Technology TI - Biodiesel processing and production UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378382004001924 VL - 86 ID - 581 ER -